OBJECTIVES OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT

Effective procurement and efficient use of finance lead to proper utilization of the finance
by the business concern. It is the essential part of the financial manager. Hence, the financial
manager must determine the basic objectives of the financial management. Objectives of
Financial Management may be broadly divided into two parts such as:

1. Profit maximization
2. Wealth maximization.

Main aim of any kind of economic activity is earning profit. A business concern is also
functioning mainly for the purpose of earning profit. Profit is the measuring techniques to
understand the business efficiency of the concern. Profit maximization is also the traditional
and narrow approach, which aims at, maximizes the profit of the concern. Profit
maximization consists of the following important features.
1. Profit maximization is also called as cashing per share maximization. It leads to
maximize the business operation for profit maximization.
2. Ultimate aim of the business concern is earning profit, hence, it considers all the
possible ways to increase the profitability of the concern.
3. Profit is the parameter of measuring the efficiency of the business concern.
So it shows the entire position of the business concern.
4. Profit maximization objectives help to reduce the risk of the business.
Favourable Arguments for Profit Maximization
The following important points are in support of the profit maximization objectives of the
business concern:
(i) Main aim is earning profit.
(ii) Profit is the parameter of the business operation.
(iii) Profit reduces risk of the business concern.
(iv) Profit is the main source of finance.
(v) Profitability meets the social needs also.
Unfavourable Arguments for Profit Maximization
The following important points are against the objectives of profit maximization:
(i) Profit maximization leads to exploiting workers and consumers.
(ii) Profit maximization creates immoral practices such as corrupt practice, unfair
trade practice, etc.
(iii) Profit maximization objectives leads to inequalities among the sake holders such
as customers, suppliers, public shareholders, etc.
Drawbacks of Profit Maximization
Profit maximization objective consists of certain drawback also:
(i) It is vague: In this objective, profit is not defined precisely or correctly. It creates
some unnecessary opinion regarding earning habits of the business concern.
(ii) It ignores the time value of money: Profit maximization does not consider the
time value of money or the net present value of the cash inflow. It leads certain
differences between the actual cash inflow and net present cash flow during a
particular period.
(iii) It ignores risk: Profit maximization does not consider risk of the business
concern. Risks may be internal or external which will affect the overall operation
of the business concern.

Wealth maximization is one of the modern approaches, which involves latest innovations
and improvements in the field of the business concern. The term wealth means shareholder
wealth or the wealth of the persons those who are involved in the business concern.
Wealth maximization is also known as value maximization or net present worth
maximization. This objective is an universally accepted concept in the field of business.

Favourable Arguments for Wealth Maximization
(i) Wealth maximization is superior to the profit maximization because the main aim
of the business concern under this concept is to improve the value or wealth of
the shareholders.
(ii) Wealth maximization considers the comparison of the value to cost associated with
the business concern. Total value detected from the total cost incurred for the
business operation. It provides extract value of the business concern.
(iii) Wealth maximization considers both time and risk of the business concern.
(iv) Wealth maximization provides efficient allocation of resources.
(v) It ensures the economic interest of the society.
Unfavourable Arguments for Wealth Maximization
(i) Wealth maximization leads to prescriptive idea of the business concern but it may
not be suitable to present day business activities.
(ii) Wealth maximization is nothing, it is also profit maximization, it is the indirect
name of the profit maximization.
(iii) Wealth maximization creates ownership-management controversy.
(iv) Management alone enjoy certain benefits.
(v) The ultimate aim of the wealth maximization objectives is to maximize the profit.
(vi) Wealth maximization can be activated only with the help of the profitable position
of the business concern.

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